Periodontal diseases are those that affect the tissues surrounding the tooth, such as gums and bone, and include gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums normally caused by accumulation of plaque. It manifests as a reddened gum that can bleed.
Initial periodontitis is a more advanced stage where the bone and ligaments of the tooth are affected. It manifests with bone loss and possible bleeding. In a moderate periodontitis, the bone loss is greater and there may also be mobility. In an advanced periodontitis, bone loss can be 50% and tooth mobility increased. Terminal periodontitis is where, due to the great irreversible bone loss, there is no treatment and it will end up losing the teeth.
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