The diagnosis and treatment of the "gummy smile" (altered passive eruption, excessive gingival display) help the periodontist to provide the most beautiful smiles possible for patients.
All cases were treated by Dr. Chris Chang, president of Beethoven Orthodontic and Implant Group in Hsinchu, Taiwan.
For detailed case reports, go to iaoi.pro and select "IJOI" to view and download our Journals.
For a more systematic review of treatment methods for CI I, II, III, deep bite, open bite, impaction cases, find the Orthodontic book series on iTunes store.